Gearing.



A, D. WILLIAMSON.

(:EARING= APPLIGATION FILED APR. 5 1909" Patented Nov. 2, 1909.

" two kinds, namely, those which work with a with a constant cutting speed.

' In certain classes of work, however, it is other reciprocating machines or mechanisms.

* era-res erases. v

men DAVIE! fli A: W I

GEARING.'

939, specinnuan'ot P L2 1909; Original application fled Kay 18, 1808, Serial Re. 65,815. Divided and this applicitionfled 5111116, 1809.

Serial No. 488,298.

To all whom it may concern;

Be it known that I, ALFRED DAVID WIL- LIAMSON, a subject of the King of Great Britain, residing at River Don Works, Sheffield, in the county of York, En land, have invented certain new and use Improvements Relating to Gearing, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to planing and that are driven in opposite directions at different speeds by reversing electric motors. These machines are, broadly speaking, of

variable cutting speed andthose whielrwork According to this invention change speed gearing is provided for driving the machine from the electric motor at a certain speed on the cutting stroke and at a different speed on the return stroke in combination with means, governed by the direction of rotation of the motor, for automatically controlling the aforesaid change speed gearing. Thus with a machine having a constant cutting speed, the gearing may be such as to reduce the speed at which the motor drives the machine on the cutting stroke to a speed of, say, twenty feet per minute. After the completion of the cutting stroke and while the 7 motor is accelerating in speed for the quick return stroke, the gearing may operate to disengage or render inoperative its speedreducing portion and to bring into operation its speed increasing portion so as to obtain a suitable speed ratio for the return stroke, say eighty feet per minute, or more as may be desired..- Obvionsly arrangement of gearing is also advantageous when used with a reversible variable speed electric motor.

At present it is customary to use with planing machines an electric motor having a speed range of 3:1 or 4:1 producing a cutting speed of say twenty feet per minute, and a corresponding quick return speed of from sixty to eighty feet per minute. An electric motor adapted to operate a planing machine in this manner is set forth in the specification of Letters Patent of the United States No. 760,289 patented May 17th 1904.

necessary to have as low a cutting speed as ten feet per minute, and with a motor havof the. motor for the section of the aforesaid gearing. Fig. 3 is *cross sectional elevation on the lined- 1 of ing a speed range of 3:1 the quick return motion would he only thirty feet per minute WhICH is unsatisfactory. By the use of the speed changing device herein dessrihed the speed of the quick return stroke may be made as rapid as desired.

It is not necessary to usethe highest speed quick return stroke; for instance, a motor having a speed varying from three hundred to nine hundred revoln tions per minute on the cutting stroke may 5 be run at six hundred revolutions per minute or even less on the quick return stroke, and thus the better acceleration due to the stronger field may, be utilized.

One form of change speed gearing for ac complishing the ob ect set forth above is described in the specification of my United @States application for patent Serial No.

433615. and the present invention relates to a modified form of said gearing.

In order that the said invention may be clearly understood and readily carried into effect it will now he described more fully with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which 1- Figure l is a side elevation of an electric motor and a gear box containing change speed gearing constructed according to this invention. Fig. 2 is an enlarged vertical a cross sectional elevatidn on the line 3% of Fig. 2, looking 'to the left, and showing the pawl and ratchet mechanism of the change speed gearing exposed. Fig. 4 is a Fig- 2 looking to the left. Fig. 5 is a part sectional plan taken on the line 55 of Fig. 4. Figs. 6 and 7 are respectively a cross sectional elevation and part sectional plan corresponding to Figs. 4 and 5, and showing a modified arrangement.

A is the electric motor to which, is directly coupled the shaft B, hereinafter called the driving or motor shaft.

B is a shaft adapted to be driven by the motor shaft B and-connected with the reciprocating mechanism of the planing or other, machine.

L L are two ratchet wheels having teeth formed thereon in opposite directions, and adapted to engage alternately with a looking device by means of which the power. is transmitted from the motor or other source;

of ower to the machine. One of these ratc et wheels, namely L, is keyed to the motor shaft B, and the other, namely L, is connected to or forms part of a drivin sleeve B rotatably mounted upon said motor shaft B and driven indirectly thereby at a speed differing from that of the shaft B by an amount determined by the intermediate gearing employed in driving said sleeve. This intermediate gearing is of the well known planetary type and comprises a toothed wheel M fixed to the motor shaft B, an internally toothed stationary wheel N concentric therewith, and one or more intermediate pinions 0 arranged in gear with .said toothed wheels, and in the annular space between them and mounted upon the driving sleeve B at the end remote from the ratchet wheel thereon.

The locking device, which, as shown in Figs. 3-5, is in the form of a double pawl P, is carried by the sleeve B secured to the driven shaft 15, so that engagement of the pawl with the ratchet wheel L that is keyed to the motor shaft B, causes the sleeve B and driven shaft B to rotate with and at the same speed as the motor shaft B, and engagement with the other ratchet wheel L produced by a reversal of the motion, causes said sleeve 13 and driven shaft B to rotate with the driving sleeve B that is indirectly driven by the motor shaft B.

The double pawl P hereinbefore referred to is pivoted to the driven sleeve B and is provided with two oppositely placed ends whereof one end engages with one of the aforesaid ratchet wheels and the other end with the other ratchet wheel, the ends being in engagement alternately in accordance with the direction in which the motor orother source of power is running. There is also a dead or inoperative position of the double pawl P which position. is however only assumed at the moment of starting in either direction when one end of the pawl is being lifted out of engagement with the corresponding ratchet wheel with which it was in engagement during the previous motion in the opposite direction. In order to automatically move the pawl beyond its dead or inoperative position and bring it into engagement for the reverse motion it is provided with a tail piece Q adapted to engage with a toothed ring R fitted upon the driving sleeve B and arranged so that as said sleeve commences to rotate in the reverse direction, a tooth on the ring meets the tail piece Q and thus causes the tilted over into its engaging position. This tail piece may be made slightly flexible or subject to spring ressure so that it may not become broken if it happens to come into contact with the top of a tooth on the ring instead of upon the side as would usually be the case.

pawl to be In Figs. 4 and 5 this tail piece is shown cortrolled by two spring-actuated plungers In Figs. 6 and 7 a modified construction of this tail-piece is represented in which a single spring is employed to control the tail-piece Q.

What I claim and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States is:--

1. In a planin or other reciprocating machine, the combination with the shaft of a reversible electric motor, of a shaft adapted to be driven by the motor shaft, epicyclic gearing interposed between the motor shaft and the driven shaft, a device for rendering said epicyclic gearing operative and means governed by the rotation of the said motor shaft for automatically controlling the aforesaid device.

2. In a planing or other reciprocating machine, the combination with the shaft of a reversible electric motor, of a shaft adapted to be driven by the motor shaft, epicylic gearing interposed between the motor shaft and the driven shaft, pawl and ratchet mechanism cooperating with said epicylic gearing, and means governed by the rotation of the said motor shaft for automatically controlling the cooperation of the epicyclic gearing with the aforesaid pawl and ratchet mechanism.

3. In a planing or other reciprocating machine, the combination with the shaft of a reversible electric motor, of a shaft adapted to be driven by the motor shaft, a ratchet wheel secured to the motor shaft, an oppositely toothed ratchet wheel mounted loosely on said motor shaft, epicyclic gearing for driving the last mentioned ratchet wheel from the motor shaft, a double pawl carried by the driven shaft for engagement with one or other of said ratchet wheels, and

means governed by the rotation of the said motor shaft for automatically controlling the aforesaid pawl.

5. In a planing or other reciprocating machine, the combination with the shaft of a reversible electric motor, of a shaft adapted to be driven by the motor shaft, a ratchet wheel secured to the motor shaft, an o positely toothed ratchet wheel driven indirectly by and at a different speed from the ring engaging with said taiI piece.

19 whee secure'te the motor shafi,

either of said ratchet wheels, is spring-cen- 29 machine, the eombiinatiazr with the shafi, 0 f

imiirectly by and at: zedifiem t-speed fmm 3 3 reversibleelectric motel, ofrs shait adapte mater shaft, a sleeve secere to the matershefis, a deeebl' gawL earriei by driven shaft for engagement witfiene or other of said ratchet wheels, s tail pieeeon the aforesaid pawi, a ioefihed a reversible eectrie mater; GE a shafe a egtef e1 Fee eiriv ar by the mafiar' seefi, a eatchet wheel seeure ta the meiior shaft, an oppasitely toothed ratchet whee]; driven the meter shaft, & sleeve secured to file" riven she ft, a (ioehfe aw cerriwl by the sleeve for en egemefit with ene er ofiher 1f eke afenesaii retake? whfie, imdmeime shaft far aetematicaily controfiing the; aioreseic: pew

8. In a planing 0r oiher reeipremfiiag meshine, the eomblnatien wieh theshaffief r be be ckiveir by the meter shafi, e ratehet whee seem-ed 'te ihe motor shaft, an appssiieiy teethefi ratchet wkeel driven in'b rec-fly by am? at a efffierent speet from shaft, & *ioubie pawl carrier? by the sleeve is reversible eieefizie 'ef engsgemexfi are 01; Gfiif 5f the eforesaiii rat-258E wheeis, & tail pieee an the aferesefi gfiawi, and 2 rater teeihfi ring engaging fiacil'piesa 9, In alplan'mg or ether reeigzroeating machine, the eembinati'on with the sheit 0f a reversible eiectm meter, of a? shaifi adapee? fie be Eythe meter sfifi, ti'atfifififi whee seeueefi to the meter shaft, an oppoi ea sitely toefihed ratchet; Wheel mmmiee? leesfy (iris/ ing tEe East menianed; r tcfiet whee-P from the motor shaft, a sleeve secured to the drive& shafl, a daubhe pawl earfie i by fie sleeve for engagemeet with one or ether. of the afieresaid ratcheil Wheels, and mearis governed by the retetiern of the seici meter aatemeticfiiy et aael ling 56 aforesairi pawl:

10. Ina pla uing er ether recipmeafing maseine, the ecmbinetioni with the shaft air fir be riven by he sheik, a

wicket heel seemed t9 the meter shaft aneppesieeiy ieesfxed ratehef wheele ieesely 6H ssie'i efiaffi, epieplie gearing for driring tire I'as. ment'ron'eei zetdiet whee 20m the mafia? shaft, & sleeve seeeresi: to el riyen shaft, w ifeehle pm carrie by the sTeeve engegemezxt with ane or ether eifire efinesafiretcket wheels,

2: mi pieee en rhezzferesai pawl, and & re zany tootheet 1mg engaging said fiefi piece;

In tesfiirn n Where-0f I afix mg signateee a "my, S. J1

EEFKEB DEVI WEEEHMSQM 

